Description: The payload capacity refers to the maximum amount of data that a network protocol can carry. This concept is fundamental in the field of networks and embedded systems, as it determines the efficiency and effectiveness of communication between devices. In simple terms, the payload is the part of the data that is actually useful to the receiver, excluding control information and headers that are necessary for transmission. Payload capacity is measured in bits or bytes and can vary depending on the type of protocol used, such as TCP/IP, UDP, or other specific protocols. A higher payload capacity means that more data can be sent in a single packet, which can improve transmission speed and reduce latency. However, it is also important to balance payload with protocol overhead, as an overly large packet can result in fragmentation and data loss. Therefore, payload capacity is a critical aspect in the design of networks and embedded systems, affecting both network architecture and end-user experience.