Description: A pictogram is a visual symbol that represents a concept, object, or idea through an image or a set of images. Its main characteristic is that it aims to be easily understandable, using graphic representations that evoke the meaning of the element they represent. Pictograms are effective tools in data visualization, as they allow for quick and clear communication of information, facilitating the understanding of complex data. They are often used in contexts where verbal language may be insufficient or confusing, such as in traffic signs, usage instructions, or in visual communication in general. Their design is usually simple and straightforward, which helps them to be recognizable at first glance. In a world where information overload is common, pictograms offer a visual solution that can be interpreted universally, transcending linguistic and cultural barriers. Therefore, their relevance in visual communication and data representation is undeniable, making them a valuable resource in various disciplines, from education to graphic design and public signage.
History: Pictograms have their roots in early forms of visual communication, dating back to cave paintings and the hieroglyphs of ancient civilizations such as Egyptian and Mesopotamian. Throughout history, they have evolved in form and function, adapting to different cultural and technological contexts. In the 20th century, with the rise of visual communication and graphic design, pictograms began to be used more systematically in signage and information design. An important milestone was the creation of the World Health Organization’s pictogram system in 1973, which aimed to standardize visual communication in the field of public health.
Uses: Pictograms are used in a variety of contexts, including public signage, usage instructions, education, and graphic design. They are especially useful in situations where information needs to be communicated quickly and effectively, such as in transportation hubs and public spaces. They are also employed in digital applications and in the creation of infographics, where they help simplify complex data and make it more accessible to the general public.
Examples: Examples of pictograms include traffic symbols indicating speed limits or danger warnings, icons used in mobile applications to represent functions such as ‘settings’ or ‘call’, and instruction pictograms on products showing how to assemble or use an item. Another example is the World Health Organization’s pictograms indicating hygiene practices and disease prevention.
