Description: The term ‘read-only’ refers to a state of a file or directory that allows for viewing but restricts any modification. This means users can open and read the content, but cannot make changes, delete, or save new versions of the file. This attribute is crucial in environments where data integrity is paramount, such as in databases, configuration files, and legal documents. In most operating systems, the ‘read-only’ mode can be set through file permissions, ensuring that only certain users or groups have the ability to modify the content. Additionally, this state can be temporary or permanent, depending on the needs of the user or system. In the context of programming, especially in languages like PHP and TypeScript, read-only files can be used to protect critical scripts or configurations, preventing accidental alterations. In summary, the ‘read-only’ attribute is an essential tool for file management and information security, ensuring that data remains intact and accessible only to those authorized to view it.