Description: Recursion refers to the technique of calling a function within itself, a fundamental concept in programming that allows for elegant and efficient problem-solving. This technique is particularly useful for processing complex data structures, such as trees and linked lists, where the solution to a problem may depend on the solution to smaller subproblems. Recursion is based on two key components: the base case, which stops the recursion, and the recursive call, which allows the function to execute repeatedly. Recursion can simplify code and make it more readable, although it can also lead to higher memory consumption if not managed properly. Recursion is a concept found in most modern programming languages and is a powerful tool for developers seeking efficient solutions to complex problems.
