Description: A remote access Trojan (RAT) is a type of malware that allows an attacker to remotely control a system. This malicious software infiltrates a device without the user’s knowledge, granting the attacker full access to the affected system’s functions. RATs are particularly dangerous because they can operate silently, allowing attackers to steal sensitive information, install other types of malware, or even use the compromised device to carry out additional attacks. Key features of a RAT include the ability to capture keystrokes, take screenshots, access the device’s camera and microphone, and transfer files. Due to their covert nature, RATs are difficult to detect and remove, making them a popular tool among cybercriminals. The relevance of RATs in the field of cybersecurity has led to an increase in the development of antivirus and antimalware solutions aimed at identifying and neutralizing these threats before they can cause significant harm to affected systems.
History: Remote access Trojans (RATs) began to emerge in the 1990s, with the rise of the Internet and increasing connectivity of devices. One of the first known examples was the ‘Back Orifice’ Trojan, released in 1998, which allowed attackers to control computers. Over the years, RATs have evolved in sophistication, incorporating concealment and evasion techniques to bypass security solutions. In the 2000s, they became more common in targeted attacks, especially in the realm of cyber espionage and information theft. Over time, the proliferation of RAT creation tools has made their use easier for cybercriminals, leading to increased concerns about cybersecurity.
Uses: Remote access Trojans are primarily used for unauthorized control of computer systems. Attackers may employ RATs to steal confidential information, such as login credentials, banking data, and personal files. They are also used to install other types of malware, such as ransomware, or to turn devices into part of a botnet, which can be used to carry out DDoS attacks. Additionally, RATs can be used in corporate or governmental espionage, allowing attackers to covertly monitor the activities of their victims.
Examples: A notable example of a remote access Trojan is ‘DarkComet’, which became popular in the 2010s and was used in numerous cyberattacks. Another case is the RAT ‘NanoCore’, which has been used to steal personal information and conduct espionage attacks. In 2017, it was reported that the RAT ‘Remcos’ was used in targeted attacks against various organizations, allowing attackers to access critical systems and steal sensitive data.
