Description: Remote sensing is the acquisition of information about an object or phenomenon without physical contact, often used in environmental monitoring. This technique relies on data capture through sensors that can be located on satellites, airplanes, or drones, which record the electromagnetic radiation reflected or emitted by the Earth’s surface. Remote sensing allows for the collection of information about physical and chemical characteristics of the Earth, such as temperature, humidity, vegetation, and air quality, among others. Its relevance lies in the ability to provide accurate, real-time data, facilitating informed decision-making in various areas, from natural resource management to urban planning. Furthermore, remote sensing has become an essential tool for addressing global challenges such as climate change and sustainability, enabling continuous monitoring of ecosystems and the evaluation of environmental policies. In the context of edge computing, remote sensing is complemented by data processing at the network’s edge, enhancing the speed and efficiency of information transmission, allowing for quicker responses to environmental changes.
History: Remote sensing has its roots in the 19th century when hot air balloons were used to capture images of the Earth’s surface. However, significant development began in the 1960s with the launch of satellites like Landsat, which provided images of the Earth from space. Over the decades, technology has evolved, incorporating more advanced sensors and data analysis techniques, allowing for more sophisticated applications across various disciplines.
Uses: Remote sensing is used in a variety of fields, including agriculture, where it helps monitor crop growth and soil health; water resource management, to assess water quality and quantity; and urban planning, to analyze land use and infrastructure development. It is also fundamental in climate change research, allowing for the tracking of temperature patterns and the assessment of natural disasters.
Examples: An example of remote sensing is the use of satellite imagery to monitor deforestation in the Amazon, where changes in forest cover can be detected over time. Another case is the use of drones equipped with sensors to assess crop health in real-time, allowing farmers to make informed decisions about irrigation and fertilization.
