Description: Schema migration is the process of changing the structure of a database schema. This process can include adding, removing, or modifying tables, columns, indexes, and relationships between data. Schema migration is fundamental in the lifecycle of a database, as it allows adaptation to new business needs, optimization of performance, and ensuring data integrity. As applications evolve, it is common for data requirements to change, necessitating updates to the schema to reflect these modifications. Schema migration can be a complex process, as it involves not only structural changes but also migrating existing data to fit the new configuration. To carry out a schema migration effectively, it is crucial to conduct a thorough analysis of the potential impacts on the applications that depend on the database, as well as implement backup and recovery strategies to prevent data loss. Tools and techniques such as migration scripts, database management systems, and agile development approaches are commonly used to facilitate this process and minimize system downtime.
