Description: A seawall is a structure designed to resist and contain the push of materials, such as soil or water, that are located on one side of the wall. In the context of a port, these walls are built along the coast to protect port facilities from erosion and flooding. Their design can vary, but they are generally made of robust materials such as concrete, stone, or steel, and are constructed at specific angles to maximize their effectiveness. In addition to their primary protective function, seawalls can also serve as aesthetic elements in the coastal landscape, integrating into the natural and urban environment. Their relevance lies in the need to safeguard critical infrastructure and coastal communities from the adverse effects of climate change and rising sea levels, becoming an essential part of coastal planning and development.
History: Seawalls have a long history dating back to ancient civilizations, where they were used to stabilize land and protect structures. In the port context, their use intensified in the 19th century when industrialization and maritime trade began to grow, leading to the need to protect port facilities from coastal erosion and flooding. With advancements in civil engineering, the designs and materials used in constructing seawalls have significantly evolved, incorporating modern techniques that enhance their durability and effectiveness.
Uses: Seawalls are primarily used to prevent soil erosion and protect coastal infrastructure from flooding. In ports, they are essential for maintaining the stability of docks and cargo facilities, as well as creating safe docking areas for vessels. They are also used in the construction of coastal roads and highways, where the terrain may be unstable. Additionally, they can serve to create recreational spaces and green areas in coastal zones.
Examples: A notable example of a seawall in a port is the San Francisco Pier, which uses seawalls to protect the facilities from water erosion. Another case is the Port of Rotterdam, where advanced seawalls have been implemented to manage rising sea levels and extreme weather conditions. These examples illustrate how seawalls are essential for the safety and functionality of port infrastructures.
