Description: Sputum is a mucus or phlegm expelled from the respiratory tract, especially from the lungs, through coughing. This material can contain a mixture of saliva, mucus, and cells produced in response to irritations or infections in the respiratory system. Sputum can vary in color, consistency, and amount, depending on the underlying cause of its production. For example, it may be clear and watery in cases of allergies or mild irritations, while it can become thick and yellowish or greenish in the presence of bacterial or viral infections. The evaluation of sputum is an important diagnostic tool in medicine, as analysis can provide valuable information about the patient’s lung health and help identify infections, inflammations, or chronic diseases. Additionally, sputum can be an indicator of more serious conditions, such as pneumonia or bronchitis, making its study essential in the diagnosis and treatment of respiratory diseases.
