Description: Sustainable tourism refers to an approach to tourism activity that seeks to minimize negative impacts on the environment and promote the conservation of natural and cultural resources. This type of tourism is based on sustainability principles, which include environmental protection, respect for local communities, and the promotion of responsible practices. Through the implementation of clean technologies and eco-efficient practices, sustainable tourism aims to balance the needs of tourists with the preservation of ecosystems and local culture. The main characteristics of sustainable tourism include reducing carbon footprints, using renewable resources, proper waste management, and promoting biodiversity. Additionally, it encourages environmental education and active community participation in decision-making related to tourism in their territories. This approach not only benefits the environment but also contributes to the economic and social development of host communities, creating a long-term viable tourism model that respects both people and the planet.
History: The concept of sustainable tourism began to take shape in the 1980s when the negative impact of mass tourism on the environment and local communities started to be recognized. In 1987, the Brundtland Report by the World Commission on Environment and Development popularized the term ‘sustainability’, leading to a greater focus on responsible tourism practices. In 1995, the World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) adopted the Charter for Sustainable Tourism, establishing principles and guidelines to promote tourism that respects the environment and local cultures.
Uses: Sustainable tourism is utilized in various forms, including ecotourism, community tourism, and responsible tourism. These modalities seek to involve local communities in the management of tourism resources, promoting environmental conservation and local economic development. Additionally, practices such as using sustainable transportation, promoting eco-friendly accommodations, and organizing activities that respect culture and the natural environment are implemented.
Examples: Examples of sustainable tourism include ecotourism in the Amazon, where local communities guide tourists in observing biodiversity, and community tourism in Africa, where visitors participate in conservation and local development projects. Another example is the use of certified eco-friendly accommodations that implement sustainable practices in their daily operations.
