Description: Technological disruption refers to innovations that significantly alter the way industries operate, transforming processes, products, and business models. This phenomenon not only introduces new technologies but also redefines the rules of the game in the market, challenging established companies and creating opportunities for new players. The main characteristics of technological disruption include its ability to change competitive dynamics, its potential to democratize access to products and services, and its tendency to generate a profound impact on the economy and society. The relevance of technological disruption lies in its role as a driver of innovation and progress, pushing organizations to adapt and evolve in a constantly changing environment. As emerging technologies continue to develop, disruption becomes an increasingly common phenomenon, affecting diverse sectors such as healthcare, education, transportation, and finance.
History: The term ‘technological disruption’ was popularized by Clayton Christensen in his book ‘The Innovator’s Dilemma’ published in 1997. Christensen described how leading companies can lose their market position by failing to adapt to new technologies that initially seem inferior. Since then, the concept has evolved and been applied to various industries, especially with the rise of the internet and digital technologies in the 2000s.
Uses: Technological disruption is used to analyze and understand how new technologies can change market dynamics and competitiveness. It is applied in corporate strategic planning, risk and opportunity assessment, and product and service innovation. Additionally, it is used in education and research to study the impact of technology on society.
Examples: Examples of technological disruption include the arrival of smartphones, which transformed the mobile phone and communication industry; video streaming, which has changed the way we consume entertainment; and collaborative economy platforms like ride-sharing and lodging services, which have disrupted the transportation and hospitality sectors.
