Description: Encapsulation is a fundamental principle in object-oriented programming that refers to the grouping of data and the methods that operate on that data, restricting access to some components of the object. This approach allows for the internal state of an object to be hidden and only exposes a public interface through which interaction can occur. Encapsulation not only enhances code modularity but also protects data integrity by preventing uncontrolled modifications. By encapsulating data and behaviors, developers can create objects that are easier to understand and maintain, as each object becomes an autonomous unit that manages its own state and behavior. This principle also encourages code reuse, as encapsulated objects can be used in different contexts without needing to know their internal implementation. In summary, encapsulation is key to creating robust and scalable software, facilitating the management of complexity in large and evolving software systems.
