Description: Transaction execution refers to the process of carrying out the commands defined in a transaction. This process is essential for ensuring the atomicity and consistency of operations in database management systems. When a transaction is initiated, multiple commands are grouped together to be executed sequentially. This means that if one of the commands fails, all changes made by the previous commands in the transaction will not be applied, thus ensuring that the database does not end up in an inconsistent state. Transaction execution is often performed using commands such as BEGIN, COMMIT, ROLLBACK, and SAVEPOINT. The BEGIN command starts the transaction, while COMMIT executes all commands in the transaction queue and makes changes permanent. On the other hand, the ROLLBACK command allows canceling the transaction before it is committed. This ability to group operations and execute them as an atomic unit is crucial in applications where data integrity is essential, such as inventory management systems or financial applications. In summary, transaction execution not only improves efficiency by reducing the need for multiple rounds of communication with the server but also provides a robust mechanism for maintaining data integrity.
