Description: A transdermal patch is a portable device designed to continuously deliver medication through the skin. This type of technology adheres to the skin’s surface and allows for the controlled release of drugs into the bloodstream, bypassing the digestive system and thus reducing side effects. Transdermal patches are generally thin, flexible, and composed of several layers that include an adhesive, a drug reservoir, and a membrane that regulates drug release. Their ergonomic and discreet design makes them an attractive option for patients requiring long-term treatments, as they eliminate the need for frequent injections or pill-taking. Additionally, their use is straightforward, as they only need to be applied to the skin and can remain in place for several days, providing a constant and controlled release of medication. This technology has gained popularity in the healthcare field, especially in the treatment of chronic conditions and in the administration of hormones, analgesics, and other medications.
History: Transdermal patches began to be developed in the 1970s, but their use became popular in the 1980s with the introduction of nicotine patches to help people quit smoking. In 1979, the FDA approved the first transdermal patch, which contained nicotine. Since then, the technology has evolved, allowing for the administration of a variety of medications through the skin, including hormones like estrogen and testosterone, as well as analgesics like fentanyl.
Uses: Transdermal patches are primarily used for the administration of medications in chronic treatments, such as pain management, hormone therapy, and smoking cessation. They are also employed in the treatment of conditions like hypertension and in the administration of vaccines. Their ability to release medications steadily and in a controlled manner makes them ideal for patients requiring prolonged treatment.
Examples: A notable example of a transdermal patch is the nicotine patch, used to help people quit smoking. Another example is the fentanyl patch, which is used for pain management in patients with chronic conditions. Additionally, there are patches that deliver hormones like estrogen for the treatment of menopausal symptoms.
