Description: Urography is a radiographic examination of the urinary tract that allows visualization of the anatomy and function of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. This procedure is performed by injecting a contrast medium, usually iodine-based, which highlights the urinary structures in the images obtained. Urography is used to detect various pathologies such as kidney stones, tumors, infections, and congenital anomalies. Through this examination, doctors can obtain valuable information about the condition of the urinary organs and their functioning, facilitating diagnosis and planning appropriate treatments. The technique can be performed conventionally using X-rays or through computed tomography (CT) to obtain more detailed images. Urography is a relatively safe procedure, although it may present some contraindications, such as allergies to the contrast medium or pre-existing kidney problems. Overall, it is an important resource in medical imaging, significantly contributing to the evaluation of urinary tract health.
History: Urography has its roots in the development of radiology in the late 19th century. In 1896, Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen discovered X-rays, allowing for the visualization of internal structures of the human body. Following this discovery, methods to visualize the urinary tract began to be explored. In 1920, the use of iodine-based contrast media was introduced, revolutionizing urography by allowing clearer and more precise images. Over the decades, the technique has evolved with the incorporation of advanced technologies such as computed tomography, improving image quality and diagnostic accuracy.
Uses: Urography is primarily used to diagnose and evaluate various conditions of the urinary tract, including kidney stones, tumors, infections, and congenital malformations. It is also useful for assessing kidney function and the anatomy of the urinary system in patients with symptoms such as abdominal pain, hematuria, or recurrent infections. Additionally, it can be used in the planning of surgical procedures related to the urinary tract.
Examples: A practical example of urography is its use in patients suspected of having kidney stones. By performing a urography, doctors can identify the location and size of the stones, which helps determine the most appropriate treatment. Another case is in the evaluation of tumors in the kidneys, where urography can reveal the extent of the disease and guide therapeutic decisions.
