Description: User Defined Functions (UDF) in the context of deep learning frameworks are powerful tools that allow developers to customize and extend the functionality of neural networks. These functions are created by users to perform specific tasks that are not covered by the standard functions provided by deep learning libraries. UDFs can include mathematical operations, data transformations, or even the implementation of new network architectures. Their main advantage lies in the flexibility they offer, allowing researchers and developers to tailor networks to their particular needs, thus optimizing performance on specific tasks such as image classification, object detection, or signal processing. Additionally, UDFs can facilitate experimentation with new ideas and approaches in network design, promoting innovation in the field of machine learning. In summary, User Defined Functions are an essential component in the development of neural networks, providing users with the ability to customize and enhance their models effectively.