Description: System calls in user mode are requests made by applications operating in user space to access services provided by the operating system. These calls allow applications to interact with hardware and perform operations that require special privileges, such as file management, network communication, or memory allocation. In this context, user mode is a restricted execution level that protects the operating system and other applications from unauthorized access or failures that could compromise system stability. When an application needs to perform an operation that it cannot execute directly, such as reading a file from disk, it makes a system call, which acts as an intermediary between the application and the kernel of the operating system. This mechanism ensures that applications do not interfere with each other and that the operating system maintains control over system resources. System calls are fundamental to the security and stability of the system, as they allow controlled access to hardware resources and ensure that applications run efficiently and safely.
