Description: V2X, which stands for ‘Vehicle to Everything’, refers to the communication between a vehicle and any entity that can affect the vehicle. This technology is an essential component of the Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystem, as it enables interaction not only between vehicles but also with infrastructures, pedestrians, and other connected devices. Through V2X, vehicles can exchange real-time information, enhancing safety, traffic efficiency, and user experience. The main features of V2X include vehicle-to-vehicle communication (V2V), vehicle-to-infrastructure communication (V2I), and communication with pedestrians (V2P). This technology utilizes various communication platforms, such as cellular networks and Wi-Fi, to ensure constant and reliable connectivity. The relevance of V2X lies in its potential to transform urban mobility, reduce accidents, and optimize traffic flow, thus contributing to a more sustainable and safer future in transportation.
History: V2X technology began to develop in the late 1990s, with initial research focused on vehicle-to-vehicle communication. In 2004, the U.S. Department of Transportation launched the ‘Vehicle Infrastructure Integration’ (VII) program, which laid the groundwork for V2I implementation. Over the years, the technology has evolved with the advent of standards such as Dedicated Short Range Communications (DSRC) and Cellular Vehicle-to-Everything (C-V2X), which have enabled more efficient and secure communication between vehicles and infrastructures. In 2016, the European Commission proposed the implementation of V2X as part of its strategy to improve road safety and sustainable mobility.
Uses: V2X has multiple applications in the field of transportation and mobility. It is used to enhance road safety by alerting drivers to imminent collisions between vehicles, as well as informing them about traffic conditions and hazards on the road. Additionally, V2X enables traffic optimization by coordinating traffic lights and managing vehicle flows in real-time. It is also applied in fleet management, where companies can monitor and manage their vehicles more efficiently. Lastly, V2X can facilitate the integration of autonomous vehicles into the transportation ecosystem, allowing for smooth communication between them and their environment.
Examples: A practical example of V2X is the vehicle communication system developed by Audi, which allows cars to exchange information about traffic status and road conditions. Another case is the use of V2I in cities where traffic lights are connected to the network to optimize vehicle flow. Additionally, companies are implementing V2P technologies that alert drivers about the presence of pedestrians nearby, thus enhancing safety at intersections.
