Description: Value-Based Access Control (VBAC) is an access management model that grants permissions to users based on the value of the information they wish to access. This approach focuses on evaluating attributes of both subjects (users) and objects (resources), as well as the environment in which the access request is made. Unlike other access control models, such as Discretionary Access Control (DAC) or Mandatory Access Control (MAC), VBAC allows for greater flexibility and granularity in access decision-making. This is achieved by creating policies that consider multiple factors, such as the sensitivity of the information, the user’s role, the context of the request, and other relevant attributes. The implementation of VBAC is particularly useful in complex environments where dynamic and adaptive access control is required, enabling organizations to effectively manage the security of their data and resources. In a world where information protection is crucial, Value-Based Access Control emerges as a robust and scalable solution to address the challenges of identity and access management.
History: Value-Based Access Control (VBAC) began to gain attention in the 2000s as organizations sought more flexible and dynamic methods for managing access to information. As information technologies evolved and security threats became more sophisticated, it became clear that traditional access control models, such as DAC and MAC, were insufficient to address the changing needs of businesses. In 2010, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) published NIST SP 800-162, which provided a framework for implementing VBAC, helping to formalize its use and establish best practices in access management.
Uses: Value-Based Access Control (VBAC) is used in various applications, especially in business environments where information security is critical. It is applied in identity and access management systems, where granular control over who can access what information and under what conditions is required. It is also used in compliance applications, where organizations must ensure that only authorized users have access to sensitive data. Additionally, VBAC is common in cloud environments, where resources may be shared among multiple users and organizations, requiring dynamic and adaptable access control.
Examples: A practical example of Value-Based Access Control (VBAC) is an access management system in a company that uses VBAC to allow employees to access confidential documents only if they meet certain criteria, such as their role in the organization, geographic location, and the sensitivity level of the information. Another example is the use of VBAC in cloud service platforms, where users can access specific resources based on attributes such as subscription type, access time, and security policies established by the organization. These examples illustrate how VBAC can adapt to different contexts and security needs.
