Description: Variable transformation is the process of applying a mathematical operation to change the scale or distribution of a variable. This process is fundamental in data preprocessing, as it allows for adjusting the characteristics of the data to make them more suitable for statistical analysis or predictive modeling. Transformations can include operations such as normalization, which adjusts data to a specific range, or standardization, which centers data around the mean and scales it according to the standard deviation. Other common transformations are logarithmic functions, which can help manage data with skewed distributions, and polynomial transformations, which allow capturing nonlinear relationships between variables. The choice of the appropriate transformation is crucial, as it can influence the quality of predictive models and the interpretation of results. In summary, variable transformation is an essential technique that enhances data quality and facilitates more effective and accurate analysis.