Description: The ‘Visitor’ design pattern is a behavioral pattern that allows separating an algorithm from the structure of the objects it operates on. This pattern is particularly useful in situations where operations need to be performed on a collection of objects of different classes without modifying the classes of the objects. The ‘Visitor’ pattern introduces a new object, known as ‘Visitor’, which contains the operations to be performed on the elements of an object structure. Each object class has a method that accepts a visitor, allowing the visitor to execute its operation on the object. This promotes adherence to the open/closed principle, as new operations can be added without modifying existing classes. Additionally, it facilitates the addition of new functionalities to the object structure without altering its code, resulting in a cleaner and more maintainable design. In terms of implementation, the ‘Visitor’ pattern consists of two main parts: the ‘Visitor’ and the ‘Elements’. The ‘Visitor’ defines an interface for the operations that can be performed, while the ‘Elements’ implement a method that accepts a visitor, allowing the visitor to perform the corresponding operation. This pattern is widely used in object-oriented programming languages, where operator overloading and polymorphism are key features.
