Description: Volcanism is the geological phenomenon that manifests through the eruption of molten rock, gases, and ash from the Earth’s interior to the surface. This process primarily occurs at tectonic plate boundaries, where favorable conditions for magma accumulation are generated. Volcanism can lead to the formation of volcanoes, which are mountainous structures that rise above the surrounding terrain due to the accumulation of eruptive materials. Volcanic eruptions can vary in intensity and duration, from violent explosions that launch ash and rock fragments over great distances to more tranquil lava flows that move slowly. This phenomenon is not only relevant from a geological perspective but also has a significant impact on climate, biodiversity, and human activity. The study of volcanism is crucial for understanding the Earth’s internal processes and for natural risk management, as eruptions can have devastating consequences for nearby communities. Additionally, volcanism has led to the creation of fertile soils in some regions, influencing agriculture and human settlement throughout history.
