Description: VPC security group rules in cloud environments are configurations that determine the traffic allowed to and from instances within a virtual network. These rules act as a virtual firewall, allowing or denying traffic based on specific criteria such as source IP address, port, and protocol. Each security group can contain multiple rules, and these are applied cumulatively, meaning that if one rule allows traffic, it is permitted regardless of other rules that may deny it. Rules can be configured for inbound (incoming) and outbound (outgoing) traffic, providing granular control over instance communication. Additionally, security groups are dynamic, meaning that any changes to the rules are applied immediately to all associated instances without the need for a restart. This flexibility and control make security groups an essential tool for managing security in cloud environments, allowing administrators to define access policies that align with the organization’s security needs.
