Description: X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) is a medical imaging technique that uses X-rays to create detailed images of the inside of the human body. Unlike conventional X-rays, which provide a two-dimensional view, CT offers cross-sectional images, allowing doctors to observe internal structures with greater clarity and precision. This method relies on the rotation of an X-ray tube around the patient, capturing multiple images from different angles. These images are then processed by a computer to generate a three-dimensional representation of organs and tissues. CT is particularly valuable in diagnosing various medical conditions, as it can reveal abnormalities not visible in other imaging modalities. Additionally, its ability to differentiate between soft tissues, bones, and fluids makes it an essential tool in modern clinical practice. The speed of the procedure and the quality of the images obtained have made computed tomography a standard in the evaluation of injuries, tumors, and internal diseases, significantly enhancing healthcare professionals’ ability to make informed treatment decisions.
History: Computed Tomography was developed in the 1970s by British engineer Godfrey Hounsfield and South African physicist Allan Cormack. Hounsfield introduced the first CT scanner in 1971, revolutionizing the field of medical imaging. In 1979, both received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their contribution to the creation of this technology. Since then, CT has significantly evolved, with improvements in speed, resolution, and radiation dose reduction.
Uses: X-ray Computed Tomography is used in a wide variety of medical applications, including disease diagnosis, surgical treatment planning, and assessment of traumatic injuries. It is particularly useful in detecting cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and neurological disorders. Additionally, it is employed in guiding interventional procedures, such as biopsies.
Examples: A practical example of X-ray Computed Tomography is its use in detecting lung tumors, where images can show the location and size of the tumor. Another case is the assessment of complex bone fractures, where CT provides detailed views that help surgeons plan the appropriate intervention.
