Description: XactState refers to the current state of a transaction in a relational database management system, indicating whether it is active, committed, or rolled back. In the context of databases, a transaction is a unit of work that is executed completely or not at all, ensuring data integrity. XactState is fundamental for transaction management, as it allows database administrators and developers to monitor and manage the flow of operations in a database management system. This state is managed through a concurrency control system, which ensures that multiple transactions can execute simultaneously without interfering with each other. Many relational database systems use a multiversion concurrency control (MVCC) model, meaning that each transaction can see a snapshot of the database at a given moment, improving efficiency and consistency. Tracking XactState is crucial for fault recovery, as it allows the database to be restored to a consistent state in case of errors or interruptions. In summary, XactState is an essential component in relational database architecture, ensuring the correct execution and management of transactions, thereby maintaining data integrity and availability.